January 17, 2024
Big Book Idea
Living wisely; God's way.
There is a way that seems right to a man, but its end is the way to death.
1
The wisest of women builds her house,
but folly with her own hands tears it down.
2
Whoever walks in uprightness fears the LORD,
but he who is devious in his ways despises him.
3
By the mouth of a fool comes a rod for his back,
1
14:3
Or In the mouth of a fool is a rod of pride
but the lips of the wise will preserve them.
4
Where there are no oxen, the manger is clean,
but abundant crops come by the strength of the ox.
5
A faithful witness does not lie,
but a false witness breathes out lies.
6
A scoffer seeks wisdom in vain,
but knowledge is easy for a man of understanding.
7
Leave the presence of a fool,
for there you do not meet words of knowledge.
8
The wisdom of the prudent is to discern his way,
but the folly of fools is deceiving.
9
Fools mock at the guilt offering,
but the upright enjoy acceptance.
2
14:9
Hebrew but among the upright is acceptance
10
The heart knows its own bitterness,
and no stranger shares its joy.
11
The house of the wicked will be destroyed,
but the tent of the upright will flourish.
12
There is a way that seems right to a man,
but its end is the way to death.
3
14:12
Hebrew ways of death
13
Even in laughter the heart may ache,
and the end of joy may be grief.
14
The backslider in heart will be filled with the fruit of his ways,
and a good man will be filled with the fruit of his ways.
15
The simple believes everything,
but the prudent gives thought to his steps.
16
One who is wise is cautious
4
14:16
Or fears [the LORD]
and turns away from evil,
but a fool is reckless and careless.
17
A man of quick temper acts foolishly,
and a man of evil devices is hated.
18
The simple inherit folly,
but the prudent are crowned with knowledge.
19
The evil bow down before the good,
the wicked at the gates of the righteous.
20
The poor is disliked even by his neighbor,
but the rich has many friends.
21
Whoever despises his neighbor is a sinner,
but blessed is he who is generous to the poor.
22
Do they not go astray who devise evil?
Those who devise good meet
5
14:22
Or show
steadfast love and faithfulness.
23
In all toil there is profit,
but mere talk tends only to poverty.
24
The crown of the wise is their wealth,
but the folly of fools brings folly.
25
A truthful witness saves lives,
but one who breathes out lies is deceitful.
26
In the fear of the LORD one has strong confidence,
and his children will have a refuge.
27
The fear of the LORD is a fountain of life,
that one may turn away from the snares of death.
28
In a multitude of people is the glory of a king,
but without people a prince is ruined.
29
Whoever is slow to anger has great understanding,
but he who has a hasty temper exalts folly.
30
A tranquil
6
14:30
Or healing
heart gives life to the flesh,
but envy
7
14:30
Or jealousy
makes the bones rot.
31
Whoever oppresses a poor man insults his Maker,
but he who is generous to the needy honors him.
32
The wicked is overthrown through his evildoing,
but the righteous finds refuge in his death.
33
Wisdom rests in the heart of a man of understanding,
but it makes itself known even in the midst of fools.
8
14:33
Or Wisdom rests quietly in the heart of a man of understanding, but makes itself known in the midst of fools
34
Righteousness exalts a nation,
but sin is a reproach to any people.
35
A servant who deals wisely has the king's favor,
but his wrath falls on one who acts shamefully.
Proverbs itself mentions Solomon (reigned c. 971–931 B.C.) as author or collector of its contents (1:1; 10:1), including the proverbs copied by Hezekiah’s men (25:1). There are also two batches of sayings from a group called “the wise” (22:17–24:22; 24:23–34), and “oracles” from Agur (30:1–33) and Lemuel (31:1–9). No author is named for the song in praise of the excellent wife that ends the book (31:10–31). Although Proverbs was begun in the time of Solomon, it probably was not in its present form until the time of Hezekiah (reigned c. 715–686 B.C.).
The goal of the book is stated right at the beginning (1:1–7): to describe what wisdom is and to help God’s people become wise. Wisdom is founded in the “fear of the Lord,” and it enables believers to express their faith in the practical details of everyday life.
The book is addressed to a young man. The situations he will face while he is young receive much attention. These situations supply concrete examples from which all readers can apply lessons to their own lives. Anyone who is wise and who pays attention will benefit (1:5) from this instruction.
The reader of Proverbs must seek to understand the various types of people the book describes. The most obvious characters in the book are the wise, the fool, and the simple. Proverbs urges its readers to be wise, which means embracing God’s covenant and living out the covenant in everyday situations (compare 2:2; 10:1). The fool is the person who constantly opposes God’s covenant (1:7b). The simple is the person who is not firmly committed, either to wisdom or to folly; he is easily misled (14:15).
The first nine chapters of Proverbs are “wisdom poems” that urge the reader to pursue wisdom. The main section of Proverbs—the concise, memorable statements of two or three lines—begins in 10:1. Proverbs often seem to be mere observations about life, but their deeper meanings will reveal themselves if the following questions are kept in mind: (1) What virtue does this proverb commend? (2) What vice does it disapprove of? (3) What value does it affirm?
Proverbs offers wisdom on a wide array of topics from daily life: diligence and laziness (6:6–11); friendship (3:27–28; 18:24); speech (10:19–21); marriage (18:22; 19:14); child rearing (22:6); domestic peace (15:17; 17:1); work (11:1); getting along and good manners (23:1–2; 25:16–17; 26:17–19; 27:14); eternity (14:32; 23:17–18); and much more. It shows that “godliness is of value in every way, as it holds promise for the present life and also for the life to come” (1 Tim. 4:8).
Wisdom is a key term in Job, Proverbs, and Ecclesiastes. The word can mean “skilled at making sound decisions in life.” Proverbs 9:10 states that “the fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom.”
A different kind of security. In biblical times, if a person was unable to pay his debt, the consequences could be serious. The whole family could be sold into slavery. If someone put up “security” for another person, he promised to pay that person’s debt if he was unable to do so himself. Proverbs teaches that putting up security for another person is generally unwise, since those who do so risk losing everything if the other person cannot pay his debt (11:15).
Hezekiah’s contribution to Proverbs. Although most of the Proverbs were collected or written by King Solomon, who reigned from 971–931 B.C., the book of Proverbs did not exist in its present form until the time of King Hezekiah, some 200 years later. Hezekiah and “his men,” probably his scribes, recorded chs. 25–29.
Rock badgers are small cliff-dwelling animals closely resembling guinea pigs. They live and forage for food in large groups and are good at hiding. They are best known for posting sentries that alert the group when danger is near. Perhaps it was this mark of wisdom that earned them a mention in Proverbs (30:26).
Tents were the most common type of housing in biblical times, as is the case in some parts of the world today. The simple structure and sparse furnishings made them easy to move from place to place. Tents were made by setting poles in the ground, then stretching animal skin or cloth over the poles. Curtains could be used inside the tent to divide it into rooms. Mats often covered the floor, with an open area left in the middle for building a fire.
Romans 3 | OT Reference |
---|---|
Sinful Condition | |
v. 10, none is righteous | Ps. 14:3/53:3; Eccles. 7:20 |
v. 11a, no one understands | Ps. 14:2/53:2 |
v. 11b, no one seeks for God | Ps. 14:2/53:2 |
v. 12, all have turned aside; together they have become worthless; no one does good, not even one | Ps. 14:3/53:3 |
Sinful Speech (note progression from throat to tongue to lips) | |
v. 13a, b, their throat is an open grave; they use their tongues to deceive | Ps. 5:10, Septuagint (English, 5:9) |
v. 13c, the venom of asps is under their lips | Ps. 140:3 |
v. 14, their mouth is full of curses and bitterness | Ps. 10:7 |
Sinful Action | |
v. 15, their feet are swift to shed blood | Prov. 1:16/Isa. 59:7 |
v. 16, in their paths are ruin and misery | Isa. 59:7 |
v. 17, and the way of peace they have not known | Isa. 59:8 |
Summary Statement | |
v. 18, there is no fear of God before their eyes | Ps. 36:1 |
Prov. 14:1–3 The benefits of the sensible labor of the wisest of women and the careful speech of the wise are contrasted with the harmful effects of the acts of folly and the words of the fool. with her own hands tears it down. Sinful people sometimes foolishly destroy the results of many years’ work.
Prov. 14:4 If the strength of the ox is the means for plowing the ground to produce abundant crops, then protecting oxen in a stable is a necessary part of the labor, even though it involves the unpleasant work of cleaning the stable. An empty stable may be clean (thus not requiring any unpleasant work), but it won’t produce any abundance.
Prov. 14:5–7 A person’s character is shown through his speech.
Prov. 14:9 guilt offering. See Lev. 5:14–6:7. The upright finds acceptance from the Lord because his sacrifice was sincerely given (see Lev. 1:3–4).
Tents were the most common type of housing in biblical times, as is the case in some parts of the world today. The simple structure and sparse furnishings made them easy to move from place to place. Tents were made by setting poles in the ground, then stretching animal skin or cloth over the poles. Curtains could be used inside the tent to divide it into rooms. Mats often covered the floor, with an open area left in the middle for building a fire.
Prov. 14:8–15 This section begins and ends with contrasts between the prudent (vv. 8a, 15b) and fools and the simple (vv. 8b, 15a). A person’s conduct in life always has consequences.
Prov. 14:20 The poor is disliked is an observation on how the world works, not an endorsement of such an attitude (see v. 21; and note on 10:15).
Prov. 14:21 Proverbs commends being generous to the poor, particularly those among God’s people (see 19:17; 21:13; 31:20; see Deut. 15:7–11).
Prov. 14:24 The phrase the folly of fools brings folly appropriately captures the continuous nature of the foolish path. See v. 8; 16:22.
Prov. 14:26–27 The fear of the LORD brings the confidence of lasting security (v. 26) and molds a person’s character to follow the right path (v. 27).
Prov. 14:27 The fear of the LORD is a fountain of life. The “teaching of the wise” is also called a “fountain of life” in an otherwise identical proverb (13:14).
Prov. 14:34 Righteousness exalts a nation. Morally righteous behavior has far-reaching effects, especially when rulers make fair laws and show concern for their people.
Prov. 14:28–35 Verses 28 and 35, both of which concern a king, provide a frame for this paragraph. A person must rule his heart with wisdom (vv. 29–30, 33). He must understand that all are under a higher sovereign (v. 31). And he must have confidence that the wicked, however powerful they are, will be removed (v. 32).
In the Old Testament Book of Judges, Israel was in a dark and disastrous season because "[e]veryone did what was right in his own eyes." (Judges 21:25) This puts a spotlight on the problem with worldly, human wisdom: it seems right! And without comparison to the divine perspective of the G.O.D. (Giver Of Direction), it looks pretty good. Human strategies and philosophies about life, in fact, have lured many people to be convinced by their appeal to our own "love me some me" notion of what is best.
Those who choose not to seek God's opinion regarding the right path will pay a high price in the end.
Proverbs allow us to circle the wagons on everything from parenting to marriage to money to friends to how to relate to the G.O.D. If we allow ourselves to drink deeply from the principles and wisdom of Proverbs when we make future decisions, it will save us time, grief, regret, and even money, so we may remain spiritually hydrated from the benefits package of kingdom living here and now.
This month's memory verse
with all humility and gentleness, with patience, bearing with one another in love,
1. When was the last time you or someone you're close to made an unwise decision and the thought came into your head, "What was I thinking/what were they thinking?"
2. Have you even seen Proverbs as a Swiss army knife of sound principles for multiple decision-making scenarios? How does that change our need for securing wisdom?
3. Proverbs 14 illustrates "rules of engagement." How can you stay on guard against being lured outside your place of direction in Christ?
4. Does this passage impact your perception of God? What does this Proverb of Solomon teach us about God?
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