March 4, 2024
Big Book Idea
God is at work even when we can't see it.
And the LORD said to Satan, "Have you considered my servant Job, that there is none like him on the earth, a blameless and upright man, who fears God and turns away from evil?"
1 There was a man in the land of Uz whose name was Job, and that man was blameless and upright, one who feared God and turned away from evil. 2 There were born to him seven sons and three daughters. 3 He possessed 7,000 sheep, 3,000 camels, 500 yoke of oxen, and 500 female donkeys, and very many servants, so that this man was the greatest of all the people of the east. 4 His sons used to go and hold a feast in the house of each one on his day, and they would send and invite their three sisters to eat and drink with them. 5 And when the days of the feast had run their course, Job would send and consecrate them, and he would rise early in the morning and offer burnt offerings according to the number of them all. For Job said, “It may be that my children have sinned, and cursed 1 1:5 The Hebrew word bless is used euphemistically for curse in 1:5, 11; 2:5, 9 God in their hearts.” Thus Job did continually.
6 Now there was a day when the sons of God came to present themselves before the LORD, and Satan 2 1:6 Hebrew the Accuser or the Adversary; so throughout chapters 12 also came among them. 7 The LORD said to Satan, “From where have you come?” Satan answered the LORD and said, “From going to and fro on the earth, and from walking up and down on it.” 8 And the LORD said to Satan, “Have you considered my servant Job, that there is none like him on the earth, a blameless and upright man, who fears God and turns away from evil?” 9 Then Satan answered the LORD and said, “Does Job fear God for no reason? 10 Have you not put a hedge around him and his house and all that he has, on every side? You have blessed the work of his hands, and his possessions have increased in the land. 11 But stretch out your hand and touch all that he has, and he will curse you to your face.” 12 And the LORD said to Satan, “Behold, all that he has is in your hand. Only against him do not stretch out your hand.” So Satan went out from the presence of the LORD.
13 Now there was a day when his sons and daughters were eating and drinking wine in their oldest brother's house, 14 and there came a messenger to Job and said, “The oxen were plowing and the donkeys feeding beside them, 15 and the Sabeans fell upon them and took them and struck down the servants 3 1:15 Hebrew the young men; also verses 16, 17 with the edge of the sword, and I alone have escaped to tell you.” 16 While he was yet speaking, there came another and said, “The fire of God fell from heaven and burned up the sheep and the servants and consumed them, and I alone have escaped to tell you.” 17 While he was yet speaking, there came another and said, “The Chaldeans formed three groups and made a raid on the camels and took them and struck down the servants with the edge of the sword, and I alone have escaped to tell you.” 18 While he was yet speaking, there came another and said, “Your sons and daughters were eating and drinking wine in their oldest brother's house, 19 and behold, a great wind came across the wilderness and struck the four corners of the house, and it fell upon the young people, and they are dead, and I alone have escaped to tell you.”
20 Then Job arose and tore his robe and shaved his head and fell on the ground and worshiped. 21 And he said, “Naked I came from my mother's womb, and naked shall I return. The LORD gave, and the LORD has taken away; blessed be the name of the LORD.”
22 In all this Job did not sin or charge God with wrong.
The unknown Israelite author of this book presents Job as a person living in Uz (see note on 1:1). Job’s godliness (1:1) matches the ideals of Israelite wisdom literature. He clearly knows Yahweh (1:21). The events of the book seem to be set in the times of the patriarchs (Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob).
The book of Job concerns itself with the question of faith in a sovereign God. Can God be trusted? Is he good and just in his rule of the world? The book shows that the reasons for human suffering often remain a secret to human beings.
In the book of Job, God seems both too close and too far away. On the one hand, Job complains that God is watching him every moment so that he cannot even swallow his spit (7:19). On the other hand, Job finds God elusive (9:11). Though God is greatly concerned about humans, he does not always answer their most agonizing questions.
At the same time, Job’s friends offer no real help. They come to “comfort” him (2:11), but Job ends up declaring them “miserable comforters” who would console him “with empty nothings” (21:34). These friends represent an oversimplified view of faith. They think that all human troubles are divine punishments for wrongdoing. Their “comfort” consists largely of urging Job to identify his sin and repent of it. These friends are negative examples of how to comfort those who are suffering.
The book illustrates that one does not need to fully understand God’s will in order to be faithful while suffering. Those who suffer need not be afraid to express to God their confusion and questions.
The book of Job was written to those who struggle with the question of how God can be good when the world is filled with suffering.
The author does not provide a formal defense of God’s justice. Rather, as Job’s friends offer their inadequate answers, the author shows how their reasoning fails. Then, in chs. 38–41, the Lord speaks in his own defense, bringing Job to fuller understanding (ch. 42).
Even during his suffering and confusion, before God finally speaks, Job can triumphantly declare, “I know that my Redeemer lives” (19:25).
Wisdom is a key term in Job, Proverbs, and Ecclesiastes. The word can mean “skilled at making sound decisions in life.” Proverbs 9:10 states that “the fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom.”
Elihu is the only character in the book of Job with a Hebrew name.
Job was a wealthy man whom the Bible describes as “blameless and upright” (1:1). When God pointed out Job’s faithfulness, Satan responded that Job feared God only because the Lord had protected and blessed him. To test Job’s integrity, God allowed Satan to take away all of Job’s possessions and his children. In a single day Job lost everything, yet he responded faithfully (1:21). Next God gave Satan permission to attack Job’s health. He struck Job with painful sores (2:7). Job’s wife then urged him to “curse God and die” (2:9). Job’s friends wrongly concluded that his sins caused his suffering, but Job refused to accept this. Instead, Job asked God to explain why he was suffering. God eventually answered Job’s cries, and Job humbly submitted to God’s sovereignty. The Lord then restored Job’s fortune, giving him “twice as much as he had before” (42:10), and blessed him with more children. (Job 19:25)
Job 1:1 The precise location of the land of Uz is unknown. It may be related to Aram (Gen. 10:22–23), where Abraham’s nephew and family lived (Gen. 22:21), or to a descendant of Seir who lived alongside the sons of Esau in the land also referred to as Edom (Gen. 36:28; see also Lam. 4:21). Job’s faithfulness is stated at the beginning and affirmed again in Job 1:8 and 2:3. He is blameless and upright (a phrase also used to describe Noah [Gen. 6:9] and Abraham [Gen. 17:1]). Job is one who feared God and turned away from evil, which is how the book of Proverbs describes one who is wise (see Prov. 3:7; 14:16; 16:6).
Job was a wealthy man whom the Bible describes as “blameless and upright” (1:1). When God pointed out Job’s faithfulness, Satan responded that Job feared God only because the Lord had protected and blessed him. To test Job’s integrity, God allowed Satan to take away all of Job’s possessions and his children. In a single day Job lost everything, yet he responded faithfully (1:21). Next God gave Satan permission to attack Job’s health. He struck Job with painful sores (2:7). Job’s wife then urged him to “curse God and die” (2:9). Job’s friends wrongly concluded that his sins caused his suffering, but Job refused to accept this. Instead, Job asked God to explain why he was suffering. God eventually answered Job’s cries, and Job humbly submitted to God’s sovereignty. The Lord then restored Job’s fortune, giving him “twice as much as he had before” (42:10), and blessed him with more children. (Job 19:25)
Job 1:5 cursed God in their hearts. The Hebrew is literally “blessed God in their hearts” (see ESV footnote). The context indicates, however, that the opposite idea, “to curse,” is intended. The same verb is used in this way, as a euphemism, in v. 11; 2:5, 9; 1 Kings 21:10, 13.
Job 1:6 Sons of God refers to heavenly beings gathered before God like a council before a king (compare 15:8; Isa. 6:1–8). Satan. The Hebrew noun satan is commonly used to describe an adversary (e.g., 1 Sam. 29:4; 1 Kings 11:14). Here it refers to a specific individual (“the Adversary,” ESV footnote) who does not appear to be one of the sons of God but who also came among them. The dialogue that follows reveals the character of this figure to be consistent with that of the serpent in Genesis 3, a character who is also referred to by using this noun as a proper name, “Satan” (e.g., 1 Chron. 21:1; see also Rev. 12:9).
Job 1:6–12 The Lord draws Satan’s attention to Job, initiating the chain of events related in the rest of the book.
Job 1:13–19 Job’s troubles come from multiple directions in rapid succession. The Sabeans come from the south (v. 15), the fire from heaven (v. 16), the Chaldeans from the north (v. 17), and the wind from the east (v. 19).
Job 1:20 In the wake of his loss, Job expresses both grief (Job . . . tore his robe and shaved his head) and trust in the Lord (and fell on the ground and worshiped).
Job 1:21 In contrast to what Satan suggests will happen (vv. 9–11), Job cries out, “blessed be the name of the LORD.”
Job was a wealthy man whom the Bible describes as “blameless and upright” (1:1). When God pointed out Job’s faithfulness, Satan responded that Job feared God only because the Lord had protected and blessed him. To test Job’s integrity, God allowed Satan to take away all of Job’s possessions and his children. In a single day Job lost everything, yet he responded faithfully (1:21). Next God gave Satan permission to attack Job’s health. He struck Job with painful sores (2:7). Job’s wife then urged him to “curse God and die” (2:9). Job’s friends wrongly concluded that his sins caused his suffering, but Job refused to accept this. Instead, Job asked God to explain why he was suffering. God eventually answered Job’s cries, and Job humbly submitted to God’s sovereignty. The Lord then restored Job’s fortune, giving him “twice as much as he had before” (42:10), and blessed him with more children. (Job 19:25)
I don't know about you, but it's tough for me to read this passage and not think, "How could God let this suffering happen?" and "Why would He allow Satan to do this to Job?" I can get caught up in feeling so sorry for Job and wanting so badly to point fingers and blame God for allowing Job's tragedy to happen.
But we (myself included) need to look at Job's story differently. Perhaps this story is included in the Bible as an example of how to deal with life when it doesn't go our way, and we're experiencing suffering. Scripture assures us we will endure suffering (John 16:33), so how do we respond when facing the inevitable? Job demonstrates the proper response for us.
Job's first response in Job 1:20, after the Lord has allowed Satan to hurt his family, servants, and livestock, is to worship. He tears his clothes, shaves his head, falls to the ground, and worships. How could Job respond like that at such a time? How is he not angry with God? It's because Job has a right understanding of who God is. He has a reverence for God's sovereignty and chooses to praise God because he trusts in His promised faithfulness. And like Job, we are to praise God in all circumstances because we know He is in control. We know who He is from His Word, and we believe the truth of Romans 8:28 that He works things for our good. And while we can't see what He's doing in the midst of suffering, we know He's working.
Jesus says in the second half of John 16:33, ". . . take heart; I have overcome the world." We live on the victorious side of God versus Satan. God has defeated Satan, and He has also defeated sin and death for our sake. We respond with praise when life on this side of heaven doesn't go our way because we know how it will end. God's glory will get the final word.
This month's memory verse
but God shows his love for us in that while we were still sinners, Christ died for us.
1. What is your first reaction when things don't go your way?
2. Do you believe Jesus has victory over the suffering in your life?
3. What areas in your life do you need to surrender and let God control?
4. How can you apply Job's example of praising God when things don't go your way to your circumstances today?
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