April 4, 2024
Big Book Idea
God is at work even when we can't see it.
For I know that my Redeemer lives,
and at the last he will stand upon the earth.
1 Then Job answered and said:
2
“How long will you torment me
and break me in pieces with words?
3
These ten times you have cast reproach upon me;
are you not ashamed to wrong me?
4
And even if it be true that I have erred,
my error remains with myself.
5
If indeed you magnify yourselves against me
and make my disgrace an argument against me,
6
know then that God has put me in the wrong
and closed his net about me.
7
Behold, I cry out, ‘Violence!’ but I am not answered;
I call for help, but there is no justice.
8
He has walled up my way, so that I cannot pass,
and he has set darkness upon my paths.
9
He has stripped from me my glory
and taken the crown from my head.
10
He breaks me down on every side, and I am gone,
and my hope has he pulled up like a tree.
11
He has kindled his wrath against me
and counts me as his adversary.
12
His troops come on together;
they have cast up their siege ramp
1
19:12
Hebrew their way
against me
and encamp around my tent.
13
He has put my brothers far from me,
and those who knew me are wholly estranged from me.
14
My relatives have failed me,
my close friends have forgotten me.
15
The guests in my house and my maidservants count me as a stranger;
I have become a foreigner in their eyes.
16
I call to my servant, but he gives me no answer;
I must plead with him with my mouth for mercy.
17
My breath is strange to my wife,
and I am a stench to the children of my own mother.
18
Even young children despise me;
when I rise they talk against me.
19
All my intimate friends abhor me,
and those whom I loved have turned against me.
20
My bones stick to my skin and to my flesh,
and I have escaped by the skin of my teeth.
21
Have mercy on me, have mercy on me, O you my friends,
for the hand of God has touched me!
22
Why do you, like God, pursue me?
Why are you not satisfied with my flesh?
23
Oh that my words were written!
Oh that they were inscribed in a book!
24
Oh that with an iron pen and lead
they were engraved in the rock forever!
25
For I know that my Redeemer lives,
and at the last he will stand upon the earth.
2
19:25
Hebrew dust
26
And after my skin has been thus destroyed,
yet in
3
19:26
Or without
my flesh I shall see God,
27
whom I shall see for myself,
and my eyes shall behold, and not another.
My heart faints within me!
28
If you say, ‘How we will pursue him!’
and, ‘The root of the matter is found in him,’
4
19:28
Many Hebrew manuscripts in me
29
be afraid of the sword,
for wrath brings the punishment of the sword,
that you may know there is a judgment.”
The unknown Israelite author of this book presents Job as a person living in Uz (see note on 1:1). Job’s godliness (1:1) matches the ideals of Israelite wisdom literature. He clearly knows Yahweh (1:21). The events of the book seem to be set in the times of the patriarchs (Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob).
The book of Job concerns itself with the question of faith in a sovereign God. Can God be trusted? Is he good and just in his rule of the world? The book shows that the reasons for human suffering often remain a secret to human beings.
In the book of Job, God seems both too close and too far away. On the one hand, Job complains that God is watching him every moment so that he cannot even swallow his spit (7:19). On the other hand, Job finds God elusive (9:11). Though God is greatly concerned about humans, he does not always answer their most agonizing questions.
At the same time, Job’s friends offer no real help. They come to “comfort” him (2:11), but Job ends up declaring them “miserable comforters” who would console him “with empty nothings” (21:34). These friends represent an oversimplified view of faith. They think that all human troubles are divine punishments for wrongdoing. Their “comfort” consists largely of urging Job to identify his sin and repent of it. These friends are negative examples of how to comfort those who are suffering.
The book illustrates that one does not need to fully understand God’s will in order to be faithful while suffering. Those who suffer need not be afraid to express to God their confusion and questions.
The book of Job was written to those who struggle with the question of how God can be good when the world is filled with suffering.
The author does not provide a formal defense of God’s justice. Rather, as Job’s friends offer their inadequate answers, the author shows how their reasoning fails. Then, in chs. 38–41, the Lord speaks in his own defense, bringing Job to fuller understanding (ch. 42).
Even during his suffering and confusion, before God finally speaks, Job can triumphantly declare, “I know that my Redeemer lives” (19:25).
Wisdom is a key term in Job, Proverbs, and Ecclesiastes. The word can mean “skilled at making sound decisions in life.” Proverbs 9:10 states that “the fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom.”
Elihu is the only character in the book of Job with a Hebrew name.
Job was a wealthy man whom the Bible describes as “blameless and upright” (1:1). When God pointed out Job’s faithfulness, Satan responded that Job feared God only because the Lord had protected and blessed him. To test Job’s integrity, God allowed Satan to take away all of Job’s possessions and his children. In a single day Job lost everything, yet he responded faithfully (1:21). Next God gave Satan permission to attack Job’s health. He struck Job with painful sores (2:7). Job’s wife then urged him to “curse God and die” (2:9). Job’s friends wrongly concluded that his sins caused his suffering, but Job refused to accept this. Instead, Job asked God to explain why he was suffering. God eventually answered Job’s cries, and Job humbly submitted to God’s sovereignty. The Lord then restored Job’s fortune, giving him “twice as much as he had before” (42:10), and blessed him with more children. (Job 19:25)
After the Lord allowed Satan to afflict Job, three of his friends, Eliphaz, Bildad, and Zophar, came to comfort him. However, all three wrongly assumed that Job’s suffering was the result of some hidden sin. Each man urged Job to repent so that God would have mercy on him. But Job insisted that he was innocent. Although it is true that some suffering is a result of sin, Eliphaz, Bildad, and Zophar oversimplified this truth. They believed that all troubles are punishments for wrongdoing, which was not the case for Job. The wrong actions of Job’s three friends should remind believers today to be wise and sensitive when dealing with people in distress. The Lord rebuked Job’s three friends and instructed Job to pray for them. (Job 42:7–9)
Job 19:3 Ten times indicates completion, not 10 literal times (compare Gen. 31:7, 41; Num. 14:22).
Job 19:6 Job affirms that God is just, but also that his suffering is not because of his sin. It is God who has allowed or brought about his circumstances.
Job 19:7 I cry out, “Violence!” Habakkuk opens his prophecy with a similar complaint (Hab. 1:2–4).
Job 19:20 by the skin of my teeth. Job has narrowly escaped death.
Job 19:22 Why are you not satisfied with my flesh? Job’s friends seem so convinced that he has sinned and that his suffering represents God’s judgment. Job asks why they continue to pursue him.
Job 19:23–24 Job wishes his words could be recorded as a witness that would remain when he is dead. He refers to two methods of recording: inscribed in a book could refer to a scroll, a book, or a clay tablet; engraved in the rock would provide a more public and permanent record.
Job was a wealthy man whom the Bible describes as “blameless and upright” (1:1). When God pointed out Job’s faithfulness, Satan responded that Job feared God only because the Lord had protected and blessed him. To test Job’s integrity, God allowed Satan to take away all of Job’s possessions and his children. In a single day Job lost everything, yet he responded faithfully (1:21). Next God gave Satan permission to attack Job’s health. He struck Job with painful sores (2:7). Job’s wife then urged him to “curse God and die” (2:9). Job’s friends wrongly concluded that his sins caused his suffering, but Job refused to accept this. Instead, Job asked God to explain why he was suffering. God eventually answered Job’s cries, and Job humbly submitted to God’s sovereignty. The Lord then restored Job’s fortune, giving him “twice as much as he had before” (42:10), and blessed him with more children. (Job 19:25)
Job 19:25–27 For. Job states why he wants his words recorded (see vv. 23–24): I know that my Redeemer lives. The Hebrew word for “Redeemer” often refers to a “kinsman-redeemer” (see Ruth 4:1–6 and Introduction to Ruth). This person had the right and responsibility to protect members of his family. Job believes that God will ultimately declare him innocent.
Job 19:1–29 Job responds, asking his friends how long they will persist in accusing him and why they feel no shame for doing so. Even if he has done wrong, it is God who has brought about his circumstances (vv. 2–6). Job laments that his suffering has brought only isolation and indifference from his family and friends (vv. 7–22). Job hopes that his trust in the Lord will be a permanent witness (vv. 23–27). He warns his friends against judging him, lest they fall under the very judgment they assume has fallen on Job (vv. 28–29).
Job 19:28–29 Job uses the image of the sword to refer to passing judgment. He warns the friends against assuming that they can wield the sword of judgment that belongs to God alone.
Job 19:29 The wrath of the friends is a sin that deserves punishment (see 31:11, 28). False testimony demands the same penalty that would have been given the accused (Deut. 19:16–19). know there is a judgment. The appearance of the Redeemer, says Job, would be bad news for his friends.
"Holding onto Hope" was the first book/Job study I read after our 17-year-old son died unexpectedly. At the time, "hope" and "loss" felt so separate. I have learned so much about God and the journey He allowed Job to endure in the last six years. I, like Job in Job 19:7, felt that God was not hearing my cries about "Why did my son die because of medical errors?" and "Where is God's justice upon those involved?" Trusting God in the pain and loss has been an agonizing process.
Job was a sinner in need of God's grace, yet he lived trusting and obeying God. Job expected life to go smoothly because he walked in God's righteousness. I believed that same fallacy. I have learned that God owes me nothing. His grace is sufficient and an undeserved gift. His redemption in our lives is a miracle, and it is enough.
I had faithful friends walk with me, but the grief still felt lonely and isolating. Job was forgotten and forsaken by his friends and unjustly judged by them. In Job's darkest hour, God allowed Job to lift his head to Him like in Psalm 3:3. Ultimately, God is our only constant and the source of satisfaction. Job recognizes this truth in Job 19:25 when he declares that God is his Redeemer and that God has given Job hope that, in his flesh, he will see God on the earth!
Our friends may disappoint us and not have the solutions, but we get to rest in the fact that God does have the answers. Even if His plans are not understood or liked, they are the answer to our heart's every need and wound that we have. In the brokenness of this world, we know we have our Messiah, who knew deeper loneliness and pain than any of us, enduring the cross for our redemption (Hebrews 12:2). Jesus is forever faithful and by our side as He transforms our story. We, as believers, are engraved on the palms of God's hand and not forgotten. Thankfully, God did write out Job's story for our encouragement, wisdom, and confidence in Him.
This month's memory verse
But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, self-control; against such things there is no law.
1. What songs bring you hope when you are struggling? What music grounds you in truth? "I Know That My Redeemer Lives" by Nicole C. Mullen and "Though You Slay Me" by Shane & Shane were sung at my son's life celebration. Additionally, "Even If" by Mercy Me is a very comforting song in the midst of deep sorrows.
2. What attributes of God do you see in this passage? What attributes of God can you praise Him for today, regardless of your situation? How can you see God working in your life as you reflect? Can your friends or family acknowledge how they have seen God at work in you? Ask them.
3. What Scripture helps you take your eyes off your circumstances and onto God?
4. "[A]t the last he will stand upon the earth." (Job 19:25b) How do you envision the new heaven on this earth? What or whom do you long to see?
5. What people do you know that are struggling? Reach out to them today so you can be the good, faithful friend who listens, acknowledges the pain in their life, and doesn't try to fix it. "Rejoice with those who rejoice, weep with those who weep." (Romans 12:15)
Listen and soak in Mullen's song lyrics. See the complete lyrics here.
Now, I know my Redeemer lives
I know my Redeemer lives
Let all creation testify
Let this life within me cry
I know my Redeemer lives
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