January 4, 2024
Big Book Idea
Living wisely; God's way.
He dies for lack of discipline,
and because of his great folly he is led astray.
1
My son, be attentive to my wisdom;
incline your ear to my understanding,
2
that you may keep discretion,
and your lips may guard knowledge.
3
For the lips of a forbidden
1
5:3
Hebrew strange; also verse 20
woman drip honey,
and her speech
2
5:3
Hebrew palate
is smoother than oil,
4
but in the end she is bitter as wormwood,
sharp as a two-edged sword.
5
Her feet go down to death;
her steps follow the path to
3
5:5
Hebrew lay hold of
Sheol;
6
she does not ponder the path of life;
her ways wander, and she does not know it.
7
And now, O sons, listen to me,
and do not depart from the words of my mouth.
8
Keep your way far from her,
and do not go near the door of her house,
9
lest you give your honor to others
and your years to the merciless,
10
lest strangers take their fill of your strength,
and your labors go to the house of a foreigner,
11
and at the end of your life you groan,
when your flesh and body are consumed,
12
and you say, “How I hated discipline,
and my heart despised reproof!
13
I did not listen to the voice of my teachers
or incline my ear to my instructors.
14
I am at the brink of utter ruin
in the assembled congregation.”
15
Drink water from your own cistern,
flowing water from your own well.
16
Should your springs be scattered abroad,
streams of water in the streets?
17
Let them be for yourself alone,
and not for strangers with you.
18
Let your fountain be blessed,
and rejoice in the wife of your youth,
19
a lovely deer, a graceful doe.
Let her breasts fill you at all times with delight;
be intoxicated
4
5:19
Hebrew be led astray; also verse 20
always in her love.
20
Why should you be intoxicated, my son, with a forbidden woman
and embrace the bosom of an adulteress?
5
5:20
Hebrew a foreign woman
21
For a man's ways are before the eyes of the LORD,
and he ponders
6
5:21
Or makes level
all his paths.
22
The iniquities of the wicked ensnare him,
and he is held fast in the cords of his sin.
23
He dies for lack of discipline,
and because of his great folly he is led astray.
Proverbs itself mentions Solomon (reigned c. 971–931 B.C.) as author or collector of its contents (1:1; 10:1), including the proverbs copied by Hezekiah’s men (25:1). There are also two batches of sayings from a group called “the wise” (22:17–24:22; 24:23–34), and “oracles” from Agur (30:1–33) and Lemuel (31:1–9). No author is named for the song in praise of the excellent wife that ends the book (31:10–31). Although Proverbs was begun in the time of Solomon, it probably was not in its present form until the time of Hezekiah (reigned c. 715–686 B.C.).
The goal of the book is stated right at the beginning (1:1–7): to describe what wisdom is and to help God’s people become wise. Wisdom is founded in the “fear of the Lord,” and it enables believers to express their faith in the practical details of everyday life.
The book is addressed to a young man. The situations he will face while he is young receive much attention. These situations supply concrete examples from which all readers can apply lessons to their own lives. Anyone who is wise and who pays attention will benefit (1:5) from this instruction.
The reader of Proverbs must seek to understand the various types of people the book describes. The most obvious characters in the book are the wise, the fool, and the simple. Proverbs urges its readers to be wise, which means embracing God’s covenant and living out the covenant in everyday situations (compare 2:2; 10:1). The fool is the person who constantly opposes God’s covenant (1:7b). The simple is the person who is not firmly committed, either to wisdom or to folly; he is easily misled (14:15).
The first nine chapters of Proverbs are “wisdom poems” that urge the reader to pursue wisdom. The main section of Proverbs—the concise, memorable statements of two or three lines—begins in 10:1. Proverbs often seem to be mere observations about life, but their deeper meanings will reveal themselves if the following questions are kept in mind: (1) What virtue does this proverb commend? (2) What vice does it disapprove of? (3) What value does it affirm?
Proverbs offers wisdom on a wide array of topics from daily life: diligence and laziness (6:6–11); friendship (3:27–28; 18:24); speech (10:19–21); marriage (18:22; 19:14); child rearing (22:6); domestic peace (15:17; 17:1); work (11:1); getting along and good manners (23:1–2; 25:16–17; 26:17–19; 27:14); eternity (14:32; 23:17–18); and much more. It shows that “godliness is of value in every way, as it holds promise for the present life and also for the life to come” (1 Tim. 4:8).
Wisdom is a key term in Job, Proverbs, and Ecclesiastes. The word can mean “skilled at making sound decisions in life.” Proverbs 9:10 states that “the fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom.”
A different kind of security. In biblical times, if a person was unable to pay his debt, the consequences could be serious. The whole family could be sold into slavery. If someone put up “security” for another person, he promised to pay that person’s debt if he was unable to do so himself. Proverbs teaches that putting up security for another person is generally unwise, since those who do so risk losing everything if the other person cannot pay his debt (11:15).
Hezekiah’s contribution to Proverbs. Although most of the Proverbs were collected or written by King Solomon, who reigned from 971–931 B.C., the book of Proverbs did not exist in its present form until the time of King Hezekiah, some 200 years later. Hezekiah and “his men,” probably his scribes, recorded chs. 25–29.
Rock badgers are small cliff-dwelling animals closely resembling guinea pigs. They live and forage for food in large groups and are good at hiding. They are best known for posting sentries that alert the group when danger is near. Perhaps it was this mark of wisdom that earned them a mention in Proverbs (30:26).
Cisterns (5:15) are underground chambers used to collect and store runoff water from rain and seasonal floods.
Romans 3 | OT Reference |
---|---|
Sinful Condition | |
v. 10, none is righteous | Ps. 14:3/53:3; Eccles. 7:20 |
v. 11a, no one understands | Ps. 14:2/53:2 |
v. 11b, no one seeks for God | Ps. 14:2/53:2 |
v. 12, all have turned aside; together they have become worthless; no one does good, not even one | Ps. 14:3/53:3 |
Sinful Speech (note progression from throat to tongue to lips) | |
v. 13a, b, their throat is an open grave; they use their tongues to deceive | Ps. 5:10, Septuagint (English, 5:9) |
v. 13c, the venom of asps is under their lips | Ps. 140:3 |
v. 14, their mouth is full of curses and bitterness | Ps. 10:7 |
Sinful Action | |
v. 15, their feet are swift to shed blood | Prov. 1:16/Isa. 59:7 |
v. 16, in their paths are ruin and misery | Isa. 59:7 |
v. 17, and the way of peace they have not known | Isa. 59:8 |
Summary Statement | |
v. 18, there is no fear of God before their eyes | Ps. 36:1 |
Prov. 5:2–6 The son’s lips may guard knowledge, that is, he should not speak anything that is inconsistent with true knowledge and wisdom. In contrast, the lips of a forbidden woman are flattering (they drip honey) and her words are persuasive (her speech is smoother than oil). The disastrous end of her own life proves her words to be hollow and destructive (vv. 4–6).
Prov. 5:7–8 This instruction is repeated throughout the book: recognize the right path and seek to stay on it. A person stays on the right path by following words of wisdom (do not depart from the words of my mouth; see 4:20–21) and by avoiding evil (keep your way far from her, 5:8; see 4:26–27).
Prov. 5:9–14 The man who follows after the forbidden woman will see others take away from him the things that he himself should have enjoyed later in life (honor and years, v. 9; strength and labors, v. 10). Such a wayward life also produces regret over the wasting of body and soul (vv. 11–13) and shame within the church and community (v. 14).
Cisterns (5:15) are underground chambers used to collect and store runoff water from rain and seasonal floods.
Prov. 5:15–18 The wife is pictured as a source of water (well, fountain, etc.). The man who is tempted to commit adultery should think about how he would feel if his wife were to do the same (Should your springs be scattered abroad, streams of water in the streets?). He should be faithful to her just as he wants her to be faithful to him.
Prov. 5:18–19 The intimacy of marriage provides the place where sexual desires are rightly expressed for the enjoyment (rejoice) and good (be blessed) of both husband and wife.
Prov. 5:21–23 For a man’s ways are before the eyes of the LORD reminds the righteous of how the Lord blesses the one who stays on the good path (compare 4:26). It also warns about being led astray by the forbidden woman. This can result in being held fast in . . . sin.
As I read this chapter, I think, "That is useful for others, but it's not for me." I am happily married, have many Christian friends, and I go to church. So, who is the type to write this, let alone think it is for them? Just one of the richest and most powerful men in history, who is described in the Bible as receiving wisdom directly from God (1 Kings 3:12).
We find Solomon imparting valuable lessons to his sons. He warns against the alluring snare of the adulterous woman, whose enticing words may lead one into a downward spiral. The father paints a vivid picture of the consequences that await those who ignore wisdom's call. Yet a profound truth emerges in Proverbs 5:23: "He dies for lack of discipline, and because of his great folly he is led astray."
This verse is a poignant reminder of the power of discipline and the danger of ignoring it. Lack of discipline opens the door to reckless choices, leading us far from God's righteousness. When we allow short-term satisfaction and passions to dictate our actions, we become susceptible to temptations that promise pleasure but deliver only pain.
The temptation of sin will always chase you, no matter your age, gender, salary, or social circle. We are promised this, as Peter stated: "Be sober-minded; be watchful. Your adversary the devil prowls around like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour." (1 Peter 5:8) And Proverbs 5:3 warns us that sin can be as smooth as oil and as sweet as honey.
Against all temptations, can we tackle them alone? Of course not. That leads to destruction. Whether it be failing relationships because of adultery, unhealthy life choices as a result of a poor diet, or losing your life from alcohol addiction. We are reminded here and by Paul (Ephesians 6:13-18) that we can follow God's way daily with faith, prayer, and salvation. We are not promised a perfect life, but His Word and the Holy Spirit help guide our minds to tackle temptation in the way that Jesus Himself would.
This month's memory verse
with all humility and gentleness, with patience, bearing with one another in love,
1. What is a short-term pleasure you have fallen victim to in the past that led you astray in the long term? What ways did you learn to resist it?
2. When you are being pulled away from God's path, were you lacking in consistent prayer, time in the Word, or communication with close Christian friends?
3. Would those close to you think that you struggle with contentment in your life?
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