January 23, 2024
Big Book Idea
Living wisely; God's way.
Death and life are in the power of the tongue,
and those who love it will eat its fruits.
1
Whoever isolates himself seeks his own desire;
he breaks out against all sound judgment.
2
A fool takes no pleasure in understanding,
but only in expressing his opinion.
3
When wickedness comes, contempt comes also,
and with dishonor comes disgrace.
4
The words of a man's mouth are deep waters;
the fountain of wisdom is a bubbling brook.
5
It is not good to be partial to
1
18:5
Hebrew to lift the face of
the wicked
or to deprive the righteous of justice.
6
A fool's lips walk into a fight,
and his mouth invites a beating.
7
A fool's mouth is his ruin,
and his lips are a snare to his soul.
8
The words of a whisperer are like delicious morsels;
they go down into the inner parts of the body.
9
Whoever is slack in his work
is a brother to him who destroys.
10
The name of the LORD is a strong tower;
the righteous man runs into it and is safe.
11
A rich man's wealth is his strong city,
and like a high wall in his imagination.
12
Before destruction a man's heart is haughty,
but humility comes before honor.
13
If one gives an answer before he hears,
it is his folly and shame.
14
A man's spirit will endure sickness,
but a crushed spirit who can bear?
15
An intelligent heart acquires knowledge,
and the ear of the wise seeks knowledge.
16
A man's gift makes room for him
and brings him before the great.
17
The one who states his case first seems right,
until the other comes and examines him.
18
The lot puts an end to quarrels
and decides between powerful contenders.
19
A brother offended is more unyielding than a strong city,
and quarreling is like the bars of a castle.
20
From the fruit of a man's mouth his stomach is satisfied;
he is satisfied by the yield of his lips.
21
Death and life are in the power of the tongue,
and those who love it will eat its fruits.
22
He who finds a wife finds a good thing
and obtains favor from the LORD.
23
The poor use entreaties,
but the rich answer roughly.
24
A man of many companions may come to ruin,
but there is a friend who sticks closer than a brother.
Proverbs itself mentions Solomon (reigned c. 971–931 B.C.) as author or collector of its contents (1:1; 10:1), including the proverbs copied by Hezekiah’s men (25:1). There are also two batches of sayings from a group called “the wise” (22:17–24:22; 24:23–34), and “oracles” from Agur (30:1–33) and Lemuel (31:1–9). No author is named for the song in praise of the excellent wife that ends the book (31:10–31). Although Proverbs was begun in the time of Solomon, it probably was not in its present form until the time of Hezekiah (reigned c. 715–686 B.C.).
The goal of the book is stated right at the beginning (1:1–7): to describe what wisdom is and to help God’s people become wise. Wisdom is founded in the “fear of the Lord,” and it enables believers to express their faith in the practical details of everyday life.
The book is addressed to a young man. The situations he will face while he is young receive much attention. These situations supply concrete examples from which all readers can apply lessons to their own lives. Anyone who is wise and who pays attention will benefit (1:5) from this instruction.
The reader of Proverbs must seek to understand the various types of people the book describes. The most obvious characters in the book are the wise, the fool, and the simple. Proverbs urges its readers to be wise, which means embracing God’s covenant and living out the covenant in everyday situations (compare 2:2; 10:1). The fool is the person who constantly opposes God’s covenant (1:7b). The simple is the person who is not firmly committed, either to wisdom or to folly; he is easily misled (14:15).
The first nine chapters of Proverbs are “wisdom poems” that urge the reader to pursue wisdom. The main section of Proverbs—the concise, memorable statements of two or three lines—begins in 10:1. Proverbs often seem to be mere observations about life, but their deeper meanings will reveal themselves if the following questions are kept in mind: (1) What virtue does this proverb commend? (2) What vice does it disapprove of? (3) What value does it affirm?
Proverbs offers wisdom on a wide array of topics from daily life: diligence and laziness (6:6–11); friendship (3:27–28; 18:24); speech (10:19–21); marriage (18:22; 19:14); child rearing (22:6); domestic peace (15:17; 17:1); work (11:1); getting along and good manners (23:1–2; 25:16–17; 26:17–19; 27:14); eternity (14:32; 23:17–18); and much more. It shows that “godliness is of value in every way, as it holds promise for the present life and also for the life to come” (1 Tim. 4:8).
Wisdom is a key term in Job, Proverbs, and Ecclesiastes. The word can mean “skilled at making sound decisions in life.” Proverbs 9:10 states that “the fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom.”
A different kind of security. In biblical times, if a person was unable to pay his debt, the consequences could be serious. The whole family could be sold into slavery. If someone put up “security” for another person, he promised to pay that person’s debt if he was unable to do so himself. Proverbs teaches that putting up security for another person is generally unwise, since those who do so risk losing everything if the other person cannot pay his debt (11:15).
Hezekiah’s contribution to Proverbs. Although most of the Proverbs were collected or written by King Solomon, who reigned from 971–931 B.C., the book of Proverbs did not exist in its present form until the time of King Hezekiah, some 200 years later. Hezekiah and “his men,” probably his scribes, recorded chs. 25–29.
Rock badgers are small cliff-dwelling animals closely resembling guinea pigs. They live and forage for food in large groups and are good at hiding. They are best known for posting sentries that alert the group when danger is near. Perhaps it was this mark of wisdom that earned them a mention in Proverbs (30:26).
Casting lots. Though quarrels were often settled by a judge’s decision, sometimes there was not enough evidence to reach a verdict. In such cases, the parties involved might cast lots, trusting that the Lord himself would decide the result (18:18). Lots were like the dice used in various games today.
Romans 3 | OT Reference |
---|---|
Sinful Condition | |
v. 10, none is righteous | Ps. 14:3/53:3; Eccles. 7:20 |
v. 11a, no one understands | Ps. 14:2/53:2 |
v. 11b, no one seeks for God | Ps. 14:2/53:2 |
v. 12, all have turned aside; together they have become worthless; no one does good, not even one | Ps. 14:3/53:3 |
Sinful Speech (note progression from throat to tongue to lips) | |
v. 13a, b, their throat is an open grave; they use their tongues to deceive | Ps. 5:10, Septuagint (English, 5:9) |
v. 13c, the venom of asps is under their lips | Ps. 140:3 |
v. 14, their mouth is full of curses and bitterness | Ps. 10:7 |
Sinful Action | |
v. 15, their feet are swift to shed blood | Prov. 1:16/Isa. 59:7 |
v. 16, in their paths are ruin and misery | Isa. 59:7 |
v. 17, and the way of peace they have not known | Isa. 59:8 |
Summary Statement | |
v. 18, there is no fear of God before their eyes | Ps. 36:1 |
Prov. 17:27–18:4 This section begins and ends with proverbs on the careful, restrained use of words (17:27; 18:4).
Prov. 18:5–8 These verses concern the consequences of misusing words. Verses 6 and 7 obviously parallel each other. Gossip and lying can lead to a breakdown of the legal system (v. 5).
Prov. 18:9–12 Verses 10 and 11 describe two types of security: the LORD and riches. Verses 9 and 12 describe two things that bring about one’s destruction: laziness and pride. Taken together, these proverbs teach that riches can give a false sense of security that leads to laziness, pride, and eventually one’s downfall. On the other hand, humility and the fear of God is a great benefit.
Prov. 18:18 On whether Christians should cast lots, see note on Acts 1:26.
Casting lots. Though quarrels were often settled by a judge’s decision, sometimes there was not enough evidence to reach a verdict. In such cases, the parties involved might cast lots, trusting that the Lord himself would decide the result (18:18). Lots were like the dice used in various games today.
Prov. 18:15–19 These proverbs can apply to many settings. Here they seem focused on the courtroom. A judge must have an intelligent heart in order to acquire knowledge about a case (v. 15). A man’s gift (a bribe) interferes with justice, because it gives access to powerful people (v. 16). Wise judges hear all relevant testimony (vv. 15, 17). They let the Lord settle cases that seem unsolvable (v. 18). They realize that family disputes can often be vicious (v. 19).
Prov. 18:22 This verse refers to both the human action (finds) and the divine governance (from the LORD) that results in a marriage. The description of the wife as good agrees with the Lord’s assessment that it was “not good” for Adam to be alone (Gen. 2:18).
Have you ever put your foot in your mouth? Hopefully you answered "no" in the literal sense! But you probably know that moment when you blurt out something tactless, perhaps embarrassing, hurtful, insensitive, or even inappropriate? We have all done it—some of us more than others. I'm guilty of having a loose tongue more often than I'd like to admit, and trust me when I say I've lived the painful consequences.
Solomon's wisdom in Proverbs 18:21 highlights the weight and power of using our speech for good or evil. Just as God used the power of His words to speak creation into existence (Genesis 1:3), He has given us power through the Holy Spirit to bring blessings or curses on the world. Proverbs 12:18 says, "There is one whose rash words are like sword thrusts, but the tongue of the wise brings healing." The thrust of a sword inflicts pain and potentially death, but the spoken word of wisdom brings healing and life!
The way of the wise is rooted and connected to Jesus. In John 15:5, Jesus tells us that we will bear His fruit as we abide in Him. Therefore, we must remain fixed on Christ, grounded in His Word, and diligent in prayer so that we may walk in His ways. In doing so, the Holy Spirit will produce the fruit of a life-giving tongue, which is God's way!
The destructive words I've spoken in the past have resulted in chaos, heartache, confusion, and conflict. However, God used this to help chip away at the rough edges of my heart, and He continues to use it as a sanctifying tool for my good and His glory (Romans 8:28). Church family, let us choose our words wisely today so that we might feast on the sweet fruit of righteousness!
This month's memory verse
with all humility and gentleness, with patience, bearing with one another in love,
1. What are some examples of speech that contain the power of life? What about the power of death?
2. Recall a time when you used your words unwisely. What were the results? How have you applied what you learned?
2. Define the word abide in your own terms. What does it mean to abide in the Lord? In what ways has the Lord called you to abide in Him?
3. Pray and ask the Lord who you can encourage today with your words. Give that person a call, send them a text, or write them an email or letter to breathe life into their day!
As we gear up to release even more features for Join The Journey in 2025, our staff team, unfortunately, no longer has the margin to continue to support the comment functionality. We have big things in store for Join The Journey 2025. Stay tuned!
Hugh Stephenson
Hugh Stephenson
Hugh Stephenson
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